Bovo Kammo
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Amud 78a

תוס' ד"ה והא

But by sacrifices, where ‘bull or sheep’ are written, let us include it - והא גבי קדשים דכתיב שור או כשב נרבייה

Summary:
Without או we would be ממעט כלאים since לחומרא מקשינן.

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תוס' ד"ה השתא

Now that K’layim are included, etc. - השתא כלאים איתרבו כולי

Summary:
There are two types of נדמה and if there would be no או we would include a נדמה who is partially similar to the parent, and exclude a נדמה who is not similar at all.

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תוס' ד"ה אי

If it is regarding tithing - אי למעשר

Summary:
We consider as if שה is written by מעשר, either because it says צאן (פרש"י), or because we derive it through the גז"ש of העברה העברה from בכור.

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תוס' ד"ה עד

Unless he is an ox and his B’Chor is an ox - עד שיהא הוא שור ובכורו שור

Summary:
The exclusions of נדמה by בכור and קדשים are different, therefore both exclusions were necessary.

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תוס' ד"ה לטמא

For a non-kosher animal, which was born from a kosher animal, but was impregnated by a non-kosher animal, and not like Rabi Yehoshua - לטמא שנולד מן הטהור ועיבורו מן הטמא ודלא כרבי יהושע

Summary:
According to רש"י there is a dispute between ר"ש who maintains that a טמא שנולד מן הטהור is אסור, while ר"י maintains that if it has one of the סימני טהרה it is מותר even if it is not similar to its parent. While תוספות maintains that both ר"י and ר"ש agree that if this טמא הנולד מן הטהור is not similar to its parent, it is אסור.

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תוס' ד"ה לטמא

For a non-kosher animal, which was born from a kosher animal, but was impregnated by a non-kosher animal, and not like Rabi Yehoshua - לטמא שנולד מן הטהור ועיבורו מן הטמא ודלא כרבי יהושע

Summary:
According to רש"י there is a dispute between ר"ש who maintains that a טמא שנולד מן הטהור is אסור, while ר"י maintains that if it has one of the סימני טהרה it is מותר even if it is not similar to its parent. While תוספות maintains that both ר"י and ר"ש agree that if this טמא הנולד מן הטהור is not similar to its parent, it is אסור.

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