קנקנתום is חרתא דאושכפי, etc. - קנקנתום חרתא דאושכפי
Summary:
According to רש"י both קנקנתום and שיחור are אדרמנ"ט, while according to the ר"י only שיחור is אדרמנ"ט and קנקנתום is וידרוי"ל (which is naturally green).
Ink on top of ink; he is exempt - דיו על גבי דיו פטור
Summary:
If the second כתב made no improvement on the first כתב it is not a כתב according to everybody. If the second כתב made an improvement according to ר"י it is always a כתב and according to the רבנן is not a כתב regarding ס"ת, and regarding גיטין it is not a כתב according to ר"ח and it is a כתב according to ראב"י.